When considering posture and musculoskeletal well-being, we typically pay attention to the spine or shoulders. Yet the alignment of the legs plays a vital role in preserving body balance, efficient movement, and healthy joint function. Misalignment of the legs is frequently linked to deformities of the knees or legs, and such issues are routinely assessed in gait analysis, orthopedic evaluations, or physical therapy examinations.

In this article, we will delve into the most prevalent types of leg alignment, their significance, and indicators for when medical attention is needed.

1. Neutral Alignment (Normal Posture)

In the case of neutral leg alignment, the hips, knees, and ankles lie in a straight vertical line. This is regarded as the optimal posture, in which body weight is evenly distributed across the joints. Having neutral alignment fosters ideal movement patterns and helps to reduce joint wear and tear over time.

Visual indicators:

• The knees and ankles naturally make contact.
• The legs do not display an inward or outward bowing.

2. Genu Varum (Bowlegs)

Bowlegs — medically termed genu varum — arise when the knees remain far apart even though the ankles are together. This causes the legs to curve outward, creating a visible gap between the knees.

Causes may include:

• A normal developmental phase in toddlers
• Rickets (due to vitamin D deficiency)
• Disorders of bone growth
• Arthritis in older adults

Possible complications:

• Uneven loading of the knee joints
• Increased vulnerability to joint degeneration
• Altered or abnormal gait patterns